Imagine that you need to send a message to your friend. But you don’t know where he is or what his contact detail is. You just know another man who has your friend’s contacts that can send your message to him.
The Internet was designed in a way as we describe above. The data passes through multiple nodes in the network to reach its destination. By default data will be a text plain and insecure. Any nodes in which you pass the message to get the package can read these messages.
SSL and TLS are the protocols to reduce this risk. So only the message owner can read the message and also make sure that the message sender is the true person that should be.
OpenSSL is a powerful toolkit for the Transport Layer Security (TLS) and Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) protocols. Also, it’s free software that implements SSL and TLS protocols and enables a server to send data across the internet with encrypted mode. To understand OpenSSL, you also need to understand its purpose.
The OpenSSL contains tools essential for the following tasks;
- Generating private keys (RSA)
- Generating Certificate Signing Request (CSRs)
- Performing encryption/decryption
- Manage and control encrypted file
Let's have a look at some of OpenSSL Operations and Features.
Generating RSA , CSRs, CRT
-
Create a new private key and Certificate Signing Request (CSRs)
#openssl req -out Casesup.csr -new -newkey rsa:2048 -nodes -keyout Casesup.key
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Generate a self-signed certificate (CRT)
#openssl req -x509 -sha256 -nodes -days 365 -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout Casesup.key -out Casesup.crt
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Create a Certificate Sigining Request with existing PEM file
#openssl req -out casesup.csr -key casesup.key -new
-
Generate a Certificate Signing Request with an existing Certificate (CSRs)
#openssl x509 -x509toreq -in casesup.crt -out casesup.csr -signkey casesup.key
Check RSA , CSRs, CRT
-
Check A CSR file
#openssl req -text -noout -verify -in casesup.csr
-
Check Private key
#openssl rsa -in casesup.key -check
-
Check Certificate file
#openssl x509 -in casesup.crt -text -noout
-
Check PKCS#12 file (.pfx and .p12)
#openssl pkcs12 -info -in casesup.p12
Debugging Tools OpenSSL
-
Use MD5 to check if certificate, pem and csr are matched
#openssl x509 -noout -modulus -in casesup.crt | openssl md5 openssl rsa -noout -modulus -in casesup.key | openssl md5 openssl req -noout -modulus -in casesup.csr | openssl md5
-
Check SSL connection certificate information
#openssl s_client -connect casesup.com:443
Converting Use OpenSSL
-
Convert DER format (.cer .crt .der) to PEM
#openssl x509 -inform der -in casesup.cer -out casesup.pem
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Convert PEM to DER
#openssl x509 -outform der -in casesup.pem -out casesup.der
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Convert PKCS#12(.pfx or .p12) to PEM
#openssl pkcs12 -in casesup.pfx -out casesup.pem -nodes
Also you have two options to export only private Key and also only certificate
-
Convert PKCS#12(.pfx or .p12) to PEM (only export PEM)
#openssl pkcs12 -in casesup.pfx -out casesup.pem -nodes -nocerts
-
Convert PKCS#12(.pfx or .p12) to CRT (only export Certificate)
#openssl pkcs12 -in casesup.pfx -out casesup.crt -nodes -nokeys
-
Convert PEM and CRT to PKCS#12(.pfx, .p12)
#openssl pkcs12 -export -out casesup.pfx -inkey casesup.key -in casesup.crt -certfile CAcasesup.crt
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I think everything posted was very logical. However, think about this, what if you were to write a awesome headline? I am not suggesting your information is not good., but what if you added something that grabbed folk's attention? I mean Most Common OpenSSL Commands is kinda boring. You ought to peek at Yahoo's front page and see how they create news titles to get people to open the links. You might add a related video or a pic or two to get people interested about what you've written. In my opinion, it could bring your posts a little bit more interesting.
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Thanks for sharing. An awesome list of ideas to build on. I find simply asking what people think and a small prompt for a comment works.
It’s a great article! And a wonderful guide for the bloggers. Very helpful indeed.
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